The electronic chart display refers to the visual representation of navigational charts on a digital screen or display unit. It is a fundamental component of the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), providing mariners with real-time information about their vessel’s position, surrounding maritime features, routes, and potential hazards.

ECDIS offers three primary display modes to cater to different navigational needs:
North-Up Mode: In this mode, the chart is oriented with the geographic north at the top. The vessel’s heading remains constant, while the chart moves beneath it as the ship changes course.
Course-Up Mode: Here, the chart aligns with the vessel’s current course. As the ship changes direction, the chart also adjusts to maintain the ship’s heading at the top of the display.
Head-Up Mode: In this mode, the chart rotates to keep the ship’s heading at the top of the display. As the vessel changes course, the chart adjusts accordingly.

An ENC (Electronic Navigational Chart) is a digital representation of a traditional paper chart, containing essential information for navigation such as water depths, landmarks, and hazards. ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System) is the complete navigation system that utilizes ENC data to provide real-time navigation information. ECDIS not only displays ENC data but also integrates with other ship systems, offers navigational tools, and enhances navigation safety.

In the context of ECDIS, ENC stands for Electronic Navigational Chart. It refers to the digital version of traditional paper charts used for navigation. ENCs contain critical data required for safe navigationhttps://marine-courses.com/2020/08/ship-navigation-ship-navigation-true.htmlhttps://marine-courses.com/2023/01/international-regulations-for-preventing-collisions-at-sea-colreg.htmlhttps://marine-courses.com/2023/01/international-regulations-for-preventing-collisions-at-sea-colreg.htmlhttps://marine-courses.com/2023/01/international-regulations-for-preventing-collisions-at-sea-colreg.html, such as depth contours, buoy positions, traffic separation schemes, and other navigational aids.

ECDIS offers several types of displays to enhance navigational awareness:
Chart Display: This mode shows the ENC data, offering information about water depths, navigational aids, and hazards.
Route Planning: In this mode, mariners can plan optimal routes, considering factors like weather, traffic, and safety zones.
Route Monitoring: Here, the system tracks the ship’s progress along the planned route, providing real-time updates about the vessel’s position and adherence to the intended path.

The main functions of ECDIS encompass:
Position Fixing: ECDIS accurately determines the ship’s position using satellite navigation systems and displays it on the electronic chart.
Navigation Planning: Mariners can plan routes, set waypoints, and calculate Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) using ECDIS.
Collision Avoidance: ECDIS aids in identifying potential collision risks by displaying the positions of other vessels and navigational hazards.
Route Optimization: The system suggests the most efficient and safe routes, factoring in various variables such as weather, traffic, and draft.
Real-time Updates: ECDIS receives real-time updates about chart corrections, ensuring that mariners have the latest navigational information.
Alarm Systems: The system generates alarms for proximity to hazards, deviations from planned routes, and other critical situations.
Voyage Data Recording: ECDIS records voyage data, which can be used for post-voyage analysis, incident investigations, and regulatory compliance.

The primary function of an electronic chart system is to provide mariners with accurate and up-to-date navigational information in a digital format. This system displays electronic navigational charts (ENCs) on a screen, enabling mariners to navigate with precision. It offers features such as real-time positioning, route planning, collision avoidance, and continuous monitoring of a vessel’s progress. The electronic chart system enhances navigation safety, efficiency, and situational awareness for mariners.

The display scale in ECDIS determines the level of detail shown on the electronic chart. By adjusting the display scale, mariners can choose to view a broader area with less detail or zoom in to see a specific region with more detail. This function allows mariners to tailor the chart’s information to their navigational needs, whether it’s for strategic planning or precise maneuvering in confined waters.

ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System) and ECS (Electronic Chart System) are related but distinct systems used for maritime navigation:
ECDIS: ECDIS is a comprehensive navigation system that uses electronic navigational charts (ENCs) to display real-time navigation data. It meets international standards and regulations, making it suitable for primary navigation on certain vessels.
ECS: An ECS, or Electronic Chart System, is a navigation aid that displays electronic charts but does not necessarily meet the stringent standards required for primary navigation. ECS systems are often used as supplementary tools for navigation, route planning, and situational awareness.

Creating an electronic chart involves several steps:
Surveying and Data Collection: Hydrographic surveys are conducted to gather data about water depths, navigational aids, shorelines, and other relevant features.
Data Processing: The collected data is processed and transformed into a digital format compatible with electronic chart systems.
Chart Compilation: Using specialized software, the processed data is used to compile electronic navigational charts (ENCs). These charts adhere to international standards and include various layers of information.
Verification and Correction: ENCs undergo thorough verification and correction processes to ensure accuracy. Corrections are continually made based on updated information.
Distribution: The finalized ENCs are distributed to mariners and vessels through official channels. Mariners can then load these charts into their electronic chart systems for navigation.